EVOLUSI MODULASI DAN CODING 4G-5G: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS KINERJA DAN EFISIENSI SPEKTRAL
EVOLUTION OF MODULATION AND CODING SCHEMES FROM 4G TO 5G: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE AND SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52972/hoaq.vol17no2.p281-291Keywords:
4G LTE, 5G NR, modulation and coding scheme, channel coding, spectral efficiencyAbstract
Evolusi LTE menuju 5G NR memerlukan analisis terpadu terhadap modulation and coding scheme (MCS), bukan sekadar perbandingan orde modulasi. Penelitian ini menyusun kerangka MCS-sentris untuk menilai keterbandingan hasil serta hubungan efisiensi, reliabilitas, dan biaya implementasi. Korpus mencakup 20 artikel jurnal periode 2021 - Agustus 2026 yang digunakan sebagai 16 kandidat ekstraksi teknis dan empat sumber konteks. Pelaporan metode mengacu pada PRISMA 2020 dan PRISMA-S; rekonstruksi strategi pencarian serta audit kualitas pelaporan disajikan secara eksplisit. Sintesis menggunakan perbandingan dalam studi dan pemetaan konteks pengujian, tanpa menggabungkan outcome yang berbeda. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa throughput decoder, throughput radio, dan efisiensi spektral merupakan metrik berbeda. Pengukuran lapangan tersedia pada sebagian studi, sedangkan bukti AI terutama berasal dari simulasi. Kontribusi penelitian berupa aturan sintesis yang menghubungkan identitas MCS, konfigurasi pengujian, normalisasi metrik, dan tingkat bukti. Keterlacakan seleksi awal dan audit teks penuh masih perlu dilengkapi, sehingga hasil belum mendukung estimasi keunggulan universal 5G atau AI. Implikasi Indonesia dirumuskan sebagai rancangan validasi lapangan terkontrol menggunakan data CQI–MCS–BLER–HARQ yang tersinkronisasi.
The transition from LTE to 5G NR requires an integrated analysis of modulation and coding schemes (MCS), beyond modulation order alone. This review develops an MCS-centered framework to assess comparability and trade-offs among efficiency, reliability, and implementation cost. The corpus comprises 20 journal articles published in 2021–August 2026, used as 16 technical-extraction candidates and four contextual sources. Reporting follows PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S principles, with an explicit search reconstruction and reporting-quality audit. The synthesis uses within-study comparisons and testing-context mapping rather than pooling incompatible outcomes. Decoder throughput, radio throughput, and spectral efficiency represent distinct metrics. Some studies provide field measurements, whereas AI evidence primarily comes from simulations. The contribution is a set of synthesis rules linking MCS identity, evaluation configuration, metric normalization, and evidence level. Original selection records and full-text assessment remain incomplete; consequently, the findings do not establish universal 5G or AI superiority. Implications for Indonesia are formulated as a controlled field-validation design using synchronized CQI–MCS–BLER–HARQ observations.
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